Do Security Guards Need Firearms Training? A State-by-State Guide

Key Takeaways

• Firearms training is only required for security guards in armed roles, who have stricter licensing.
• State laws heavily dictate armed security guard requirements, training, and licensing.
• Armed guards require extensive training in firearm proficiency, legal responsibilities, and use of force.
• SGSC offers state-specific training to meet diverse security guard career paths.

Understanding the Core Question: Is Firearms Training Always Required?

The short answer is no. The need for firearms training is entirely dependent on the specific role a security guard is hired to perform. While the image of a security professional often includes a firearm, a significant portion of the industry consists of unarmed guards who do not require this specialized skill set.

The critical distinction lies in whether the position is classified as "armed" or "unarmed." Each path has its own set of responsibilities, legal requirements, and training mandates. Understanding these differences is the first step for anyone considering a career in the private security sector.

Armed vs. Unarmed Security Guards: Key Distinctions

Choosing between an armed and unarmed security career is a significant decision. The roles differ not just by the tools they carry, but by their core functions, the environments they work in, and the level of risk they assume.

Responsibilities of Unarmed Guards

Unarmed security guards are the foundation of the security industry, focused on prevention, observation, and reporting. Their primary duties often include monitoring surveillance systems, controlling access to buildings, patrolling properties, and providing a visible deterrent to potential misconduct.

They are trained to de-escalate situations verbally and are the first line of defense in maintaining order. Many professionals begin their careers by completing an Unarmed Guard Card Course to gain the essential skills needed for these foundational roles.

Responsibilities of Armed Guards

Armed security guards are entrusted with protecting high-value assets, personnel, or facilities where a higher level of threat may exist. Their responsibilities include all the duties of an unarmed guard, but add the immense responsibility of carrying and potentially using a firearm.

These roles are common in banking, government facilities, armored transport, and executive protection. The legal authority and personal accountability are significantly greater, demanding extensive security guard weapons training and a deep understanding of use-of-force laws.

When Firearms Training is a Requirement

Firearms certification for security guards becomes mandatory the moment a job description requires the guard to be armed. This is not an optional certification; it is a legal and professional necessity dictated by state law and employer policy.

Positions that typically require armed guards include protecting critical infrastructure, safeguarding large cash-handling businesses, or providing security in areas with a documented history of violent crime. In these scenarios, the ability to respond to a lethal threat with appropriate force is a core job function, making armed security guard firearms training indispensable.

Overview of Firearms Training Curriculum for Security Guards

Professional security guard gun training requirements go far beyond basic marksmanship. A comprehensive armed security guard training course is designed to create proficient, responsible, and legally compliant professionals. The curriculum is multifaceted and intensive.

Key components typically include:

• Firearm Safety: Fundamental rules for handling, storing, and maintaining a service weapon to prevent accidents.
• Marksmanship and Proficiency: Live-fire range instruction focused on accuracy, handling, and qualifying with the specific firearm to be carried on duty.
• Legal Use of Force: In-depth study of state laws and legal precedents governing when a security guard can legally draw or discharge their firearm.
• De-escalation and Judgment: Training on conflict resolution and tactical decision-making to ensure a firearm is only used as a last resort.
• Post-Incident Procedures: Understanding the critical steps to take after a use-of-force incident, including securing the scene and reporting to law enforcement.

Licensing and Certification Requirements for Armed Guards

Obtaining an armed guard license is a rigorous process, separate from and more demanding than an unarmed license. The specific armed guard license requirements are set at the state level but generally involve several key steps.

Applicants must typically pass an extensive criminal background check conducted by state and federal agencies. They must then complete a state-approved firearms training program, which includes both classroom instruction and a practical firearm qualification test. This process ensures that only vetted, competent, and well-trained individuals are legally authorized to work in an armed capacity. To see what your path might look like, you can explore all security guard training courses available for various states and license types.

State-Specific Firearms Training and Licensing Rules

The United States does not have a single national standard for armed security guards. Each state's regulatory body sets its own rules, leading to significant variations in training hours, curriculum, and licensing procedures. It is critical for aspiring guards to understand the specific laws of the state where they intend to work.

Arizona Armed Security Guard Requirements

Arizona requires armed guards to complete a state-mandated firearms course, which includes both classroom learning and a live-fire qualification. The Arizona Department of Public Safety (AZDPS) oversees the licensing. You can learn more about the complete curriculum with our Arizona Security Guard Training programs.

California Armed Security Guard Requirements

In California, the Bureau of Security and Investigative Services (BSIS) requires applicants to obtain a Guard Card and then complete a separate firearms permit course. This involves extensive training on firearms and the use of force. We offer comprehensive California Security Guard Training to meet these standards.

Colorado Armed Security Guard Requirements

Denver and other municipalities in Colorado have specific training requirements for armed guards, which often include a set number of hours of instruction and proficiency drills. Our Colorado Security Guard Training is designed to meet these local mandates.

Delaware Armed Security Guard Requirements

Delaware requires armed guards to complete a 40-hour firearms training course certified by the state police. This intensive program covers a wide range of topics from marksmanship to legal statutes. Our Delaware Security Guard Training fulfills these state requirements.

Georgia Armed Security Guard Requirements

The Georgia Board of Private Detective and Security Agencies mandates specific training for armed guards to receive their "Blue Card." This training ensures they are prepared for the responsibilities of an armed role. Explore our state-approved Georgia Security Guard Training.

Illinois Armed Security Guard Requirements

To be an armed guard in Illinois, you must have a PERC (Permanent Employee Registration Card) and complete a state-approved firearms training course. This ensures all armed professionals meet a consistent standard. We provide compliant Illinois Security Guard Training.

Minnesota Armed Security Guard Requirements

Minnesota's Board of Private Detective and Protective Agent Services sets the standards for armed security personnel, which includes a comprehensive training and certification process. Our Minnesota Security Guard Training courses cover all state requirements.

Tennessee Armed Security Guard Requirements

Aspiring armed guards in Tennessee must complete a certified training program and demonstrate firearm proficiency to be licensed. Our Tennessee Security Guard Training is designed to guide you through this process.

Texas Armed Security Guard Requirements

Texas has a multi-level licensing system, and becoming a Commissioned (armed) Security Officer requires completing the Level III training course. This is a significant step up from the unarmed license, and our Texas Security Guard Training covers all necessary levels.

Utah Armed Security Guard Requirements

The Utah Division of Occupational and Professional Licensing (DOPL) requires armed private security officers to undergo specific firearms training and qualification. Our Utah Security Guard Training programs are fully aligned with DOPL standards.

Firearms Qualification and Renewal for Armed Professionals

An armed guard license is not a one-time achievement. States require security professionals to maintain their proficiency and legal knowledge through periodic re-qualification and continuing education.

This typically involves an annual security guard firearm qualification shoot, where the guard must demonstrate continued accuracy and safe handling of their weapon. Failure to meet these recurring standards can result in the suspension or revocation of their armed license, reinforcing the serious and ongoing nature of the responsibility.

Employer-Specific Firearms Policies and Considerations

Beyond state law, individual security companies often have their own internal policies regarding firearms. A state permit may authorize a guard to carry a firearm, but the employer has the final say on whether they can do so while on that company's clock.

Some employers may have stricter qualification standards, limit the types of firearms and ammunition that can be carried, or require additional company-sponsored training. It is vital for any armed guard to be fully aware of both state laws and their employer's specific policies to ensure full compliance.

The Risks and Responsibilities of Armed Security Work

Carrying a firearm as a security professional is a profound responsibility that extends beyond the job site. It involves a constant state of situational awareness, a commitment to ongoing training, and the immense ethical and legal weight of knowing your decisions could have life-or-death consequences.

Security guard use of force training is not just about learning to shoot; it's about learning when not to. The role demands exceptional judgment, emotional control, and a deep respect for the law and human life. It is a career path for disciplined individuals who understand and accept the significant risks involved.

Ready to Define Your Security Career Path?

Understanding the requirements is the first step. Whether you're aiming for an unarmed or armed security role, explore our comprehensive range of state-specific training courses to get started on your professional journey today.

FAQs

What is the difference between a commissioned and a non-commissioned security guard?

Answer: In many states, a commissioned security guard is authorized to carry a firearm and exercise powers of arrest, having completed specific advanced training. A non-commissioned guard typically works unarmed and has no arrest powers beyond those of a private citizen.

Can an unarmed security guard carry a taser or pepper spray?

Answer: The ability of an unarmed security guard to carry less-lethal weapons like tasers or pepper spray varies significantly by state and employer policy. Often, additional training and specific permits are required even for these devices.

How long does armed security guard training typically take?

Answer: The duration of armed security guard training varies widely by state, typically ranging from 20 to over 40 hours of instruction, plus any required range time and qualification tests. This is in addition to unarmed guard training.

Is a criminal background check required for armed security guard training?

Answer: Yes, a thorough criminal background check is universally required for armed security guard licensing and training due to the serious nature of carrying a firearm. Felonies or certain misdemeanors will typically disqualify an applicant.

Do armed security guards need to re-qualify with their firearms regularly?

Answer: Yes, armed security guards are almost always required to undergo regular firearms re-qualification, typically annually. This ensures continued proficiency, adherence to safety standards, and legal compliance.